《海洋预报》| 天目一号星座反射风数据检验评估

发布时间：2026-06-30来源：国家海洋预报台

天目一号星座反射风数据检验评估

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作者：曾崇济^{1 2} 刘晓燕^{3 4} 文玄韬⁵ 魏立新^{3 4} 林楚伟⁵ 张伟利⁶

单位：

1. 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司, 北京 102209;

2. 国家能源海上风电工程与运行技术研发中心, 北京 102209;

3. 卫星海洋环境监测预警全国重点实验室(国家海洋环境预报中心), 北京 100081;

4. 自然资源部海洋灾害预报技术重点实验室, 北京 100081;

5.华能广东汕头海上风电有限责任公司，广东汕头 515000；

6. 华能辽宁清洁能源有限责任公司，辽宁沈阳 110167

分类号：P732.1

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2026·43·第二期（94-104）

摘要：基于ERA5再分析资料和NDBC浮标对天目一号星座常规风风速开展检验评估；同时以SMAP卫星海面风与NDBC浮标为参照，对其气旋风风速进行评估。统计结果显示，天目卫星风速产品整体质量较高，且不同导航系统的风速产品质量具有较高的一致性。具体为：与ERA5再分析资料对比，常规风速的均方根误差（RMSE）为1.33 m/s，相关系数（CC）高达93.45%；与NDBC浮标相比，RMSE为1.43 m/s,CC为88.77%。与NDBC浮标对比，气旋风风速的RMSE为1.46 m/s,CC为88.40%；与SMAP卫星对比，RMSE和CC分别为2.18 m/s和84.39%。误差特征方面，天目卫星常规风风速呈现低风速高估、中等风速无明显偏差、高风速低估的规律，而气旋风风速则表现为中等风速低估、低风速和高风速高估的规律。从空间分布来看，相较于ERA5，常规风速在全球多数海域存在普遍高估现象，且高值区呈现季节性变化；气旋风风速在近岸海域存在系统性低估，在广阔洋面则呈现与大气环流相关的带状分布。

关键词：天目一号星座常规风气旋风评估

Abstract：Validation and assessment of conventional wind speed retrieved from Tianmu-1 constellation were performed against the ERA5 reanalysis data and the NDBC buoy data, while the derived cyclonic wind speed was evaluated against the SMAP satellite sea surface wind and the NDBC buoys data. Statistical results show that the wind speed product from Tianmu-1 Constellation has an overall high quality, and wind speeds derived from different navigation systems demonstrate a high degree of consistency. Compared to the ERA5 reanalysis data, the conventional wind speed has a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.32 m/s and a Correlation Coefficient (CC) of 93.45%. Compared to the NDBC buoy data, the conventional wind speed has a RMSE of 1.43 m/s and a CC of 88.77%. The cyclonic wind speed has a RMSE of 1.46 m/s and a CC of 88.40% comparing with the NDBC buoy data, while those values are respective 2.18 m/s and 84.39% comparing with the SMAP satellite data. Regarding error characteristics, the conventional wind speed exhibits a feature of overestimation at low wind speeds and underestimation at high wind speeds, whereas the cyclonic wind speed shows an overestimation at low and high wind speeds. In terms of spatial distribution, the conventional wind speeds exhibit a widespread overestimation over most global ocean areas, with the high-value regions showing seasonal variations. The cyclonic wind speed, in contrast, is systematically underestimated in coastal regions and displays a zonal distribution over the open ocean.

Key words：Tiamu-1 Constellation; conventional wind; cyclone wind; assessment