道路交通伤害是全球10-39岁男性死亡的首要原因

Declaration of interests

Saira Afzal reports support for the present manuscript from the Institute of Public Health Lahore (study material, manuscripts, medical writings, and library resources); grants or contracts from the Dean office, Institute of Public Health Lahore (intellectual contributions and time protection); honoraria for experts, lectures, visiting speakers, and educational seminars were provided by the Dean Institute of Public Health Lahore; support for attending meetings or travel was provided by the Dean Institute of Public Health, Lahore Pakistan; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board as member of the Pakistan National Bioethics Committee, member of the Institutional Review Board of Fatima Jinnah Medical University, member of the Ethical Review Board and Data Monitoring Board of Institute of Public Health Lahore Pakistan, in charge of the Clinical Research Organization of King Edward Medical University, member of the Annals of King Edward Medical University Advisory Board; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as a member of Pakistan Higher Education Commission Research Committee, member of Pakistan Medical and Dental Commission Research and Journals Committee, member of Pakistan National Bioethics Committee, member of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine, member of Pakistan Association of Medical Editors, member of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Society, Fellow of Leads International, Fellow of Faculty of Public Health UK, Fellow of College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan; received computer software and equipment from Bergen University Norway for research writing; and other financial or non-financial interests as Dean of Public Health Institute of Public Health Birdwood Lahore, member of National Bioethics Committee Pakistan, and member of Prime Minister Taskforce on HCV, HIV, and Infectious Diseases, outside the submitted work. Muhammad Shahzad Aslam reports grants or contracts from the Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund (XMUMRF) for grant number XMUMRF/2025-C15/ITCM/0006 (“Therapeutic and toxicity evaluation of selected medicinal herbs for NAFLD: exploring the inter-organelle contact sites modulation theory,” co-investigator, January, 2025–December, 2027, ongoing), grant number XMUMRF/2023-C11/ISEM/0041 (“Children’s rights education in the early years of divorce: an exploration of adolescents’ perspectives,” co-investigator, January, 2023–December, 2025, ongoing), and grant number XMUMRF/2026-C17/ITCM/0007 (“Olfactory stimulation and autonomic regulation in menstrual disorders,” co-investigator, January, 2026–December, 2028, ongoing; all internal XMUMRF research grants administered by Xiamen University Malaysia; funds disbursed to institutional research account only; no salary, honoraria, or personal payments to author), outside the submitted work. Ruhai Bai reports support for the present manuscript from the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education (number 2023JYBZDSYS012). Ovidiu Constanin Baltatu reports support for the present manuscript from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Fellowship (CNPq, 304224/2022-7) and from Anima Institute; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, at VividiWise Analytics as managing partner and São José dos Campos Tech Park – CITE as biotech advisory board member, outside the submitted work. Sonu Bhaskar reports grants or contracts from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI; grant ID: 23KF0126), and from JSPS and the Australian Academy of Science (JSPS International Fellowship, grant ID: P23712); payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the Japan Stroke Society, Japan (honoraria for invited keynote presentation at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Stroke Society, Osaka) and from Semey Medical University, Kazakhstan (honorarium for invited professorship and teaching course in neurocardiovascular therapy, Semey Medical University, Kazakhstan); support for attending meetings or travel from the Japan Stroke Society, Japan (travel award for invited keynote presentation at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Stroke Society, Osaka) and from Asialink, The University of Melbourne (travel support for opening invited keynote at 31st Asialink Leaders Foundation Week Program 2026, Melbourne); and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as district chair, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging, Rotary District 9675, Sydney, Australia; chair, founding member, and manager, Global Health and Migration Hub Community, Global Health Hub Germany, Berlin, Germany; editorial board member, PLOS One, BMC Neurology, Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers in Stroke, Frontiers in Public Health, Journal of Aging Research, Diagnostics, and BMC Medical Research Methodology; member, College of Reviewers, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Government of Canada; Director of Research, World Headache Society, Bengaluru, India; expert adviser or reviewer, Cariplo Foundation, Milan, Italy; visiting director, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Suita, Osaka, Japan; member, Scientific Review Committee, Cardiff University Biobank, Cardiff, UK; chair, Rotary Reconciliation Action Plan; and health care and medical adviser, Japan Connect, Osaka, Japan, outside the submitted work. Andreas K Demetriades reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as a non-stipendiary role as past President, EANS (European Association of Neurosurgical Societies), non-stipendiary role as steering committee member, AO Spine Knowledge Forum, non-stipendiary role as board member, EANS Foundation, and non-stipendiary role as board member, Global Neuro Foundation, outside the submitted work. Ibrahim Farahat El Bayoumy reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as Editor in Chief for Recent Trends in Infectious Diseases STM Journals and editorial member in Texila American University Journals, outside the submitted work. Andre Faro reports support for the present manuscript from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil; CNPq Research Fellow, Brazil) and CNPq Researcher Fellow. Richard Charles Franklin reports support for attending meetings or travel from ACTM—annual Conference 2024–25; and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as President—Australasian College of Tropical Medicine, President— Kidsafe Australia, board member Royal Life Saving Society Australia, and board member Auschem Training, outside the submitted work. Irena M Ilic reports support for the present manuscript from the Ministry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (number 451-03-137/2025-03/200110). Joseph Johnson reports consulting fees from Stryker Inc (medical education consultant); and other financial or non-financial interests from research support provided by Ortho Xcel, outside the submitted work. Jagdish Khubchandani reports grants or contracts from Merck Sharpe Dohme, Inc (research unrelated to this study but concerning vaccine hesitancy), National Science Foundation, USA (research unrelated to this study but concerning public health message inconsistency), and NM-INBRE (NIH P20GM103451 subgrant; research unrelated to this study but concerning pain disorders in American adults); support for attending meetings or travel from NATCO: The Organization for Donation and Transplant Professionals (invited plenary speaker at annual event; paid for travel and accommodation); and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as secretary, World Association of Medical Editors (not paid), member, Evidentiary Committee, American Public Health Association (not paid), member, US EPA Good Neighbor Environmental Board (not paid; assignment until 2025), and member, US FDA Digital Health Advisory Committee (not paid; assignment until 2025), outside the submitted work. Kewal Krishan reports other financial or non-financial interests from non financial support from the UGC Centre of Advanced Study, CAS II, awarded to the Department of Anthropology, and the RUSA 2.0 grant awarded by the Ministry of Education to Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Ja-Ho Leigh reports support for the present manuscript from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport of South Korea (NTRH RF-2026002); and grants or contracts from the Korean National Police Agency Grant for “Development of intelligent (AI) judgment algorithm for verification of high-risk drivers’ driving fitness and commercialization of VR driving simulator” (2022–24) and the Korean National Police Agency Grant for “Development of driving ability assessment system for improvement of conditional driver’s license system” (2026–27; payment made to institution for both), outside the submitted work. Ming-Chieh Li reports support for the present manuscript from the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan (NSTC 115-2410-H-003-022; 115-2621-M 003-002); and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as technical editor, Journal of the American Heart Association, outside the submitted work. Ted R Miller reports grants or contracts from the Network of Employers for Traffic Safety and the AB InBev Foundation (payments to Ted R Miller’s institution), outside the submitted work. Rafael Silveira Moreira reports grants or contracts from the CNPq Research Productivity Scholarship (Rafael Silveira Moreira is a research productivity fellow by CNPq [National Council for Scientific and Technological Development]; the scholarship registration number is 308986/2025-3), outside the submitted work. Shuhei Nomura reports support for the present manuscript from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (grant 24H00663). Bogdan Oancea reports support for the present manuscript from UEFISCDI (project PN-IV-P6-6.1-CoEx-2024-0196, contract number 17/2.03.2026). Georgios D Panos reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Thea (payment to Georgios D Panos) and from Bayer and Roche (payment to Georgios D Panos through their institution); and support for attending meetings or travel from Thea, Bayer, and Roche (payment made to the agency of the meeting or congress), outside the submitted work. Roberto Passera reports being member of the data safety monitoring board for the clinical trial “Consolidation with ADCT-402 (loncastuximab tesirine) after immunochemotherapy: a phase II study in BTKi-treated/ineligible relapse/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients”—FIL, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi, Alessandria (Italy; no payment received); and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as member of the EBMT Statistical Committee, European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Paris (France), member of the FIL Statistical Committee, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi, Alessandria (Italy), and past member 2020–23 (biostatistician) of the IRB/IEC Comitato Etico AO SS Antonio e Biagio Alessandria-ASL AL-VC (Italy; all no payment received), outside the submitted work. Amy E Peden reports support for the present manuscript from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (grant number: APP2009306). Samreen Saleem reports grants or contracts from Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan, outside the submitted work. Yoseph Leonardo Samodra reports grants or contracts from NTU EPM & NSTC Taiwan (post-doctoral fellow contract); leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as a co-founder of Benang Merah Research Center (benangmerah.net); and other financial or non-financial interests from Jago Beasiswa (idebeasiswa.net; postgraduate scholarship mentor), outside the submitted work. Saurab Sharma reports grants or contracts from the Medical Research Future Funds (MRFF) Early/Mid-Career Research grant (as CI; paid to Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney), a seed funding grant from the ANZ Back Pain Clinical Trials Networks, supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC; paid to Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney), and an NHMRC Investigator Grant (Emerging Leadership 1/EL1) from the National Health and Medical Research Council (received 2025, commenced 2026; paid to the University of Sydney, Sydney; the funding bodies had no influence on Saurab Sharma’s research or its reporting); support for attending meetings or travel from the Australian Pain Conference (2025 plenary lecture, unrelated to this paper; registration, travel, and accommodation costs reimbursed to Saurab Sharma); and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as co-chair, IASP Global Year 2025 (“Pain management, research, and education in low/middle-income settings”); board member, IASP Global Alliance for Partners in Pain Advocacy (GAPPA); editorial board member, Pain Research Forum of the IASP; and associate editor, Journal of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy and Physiotherapy (all unpaid), outside the submitted work. Vishal Sharma reports other financial or non-financial interests from DFSS (MHA)’s research project (DFSS28(1)2019/EMR/6) at the Department of Forensic Science (formerly Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; the RUSA 2.0 grant from MOE to Panjab University; and the PAIR grant (ANRF/PAIR/2025/000006/PAIR) to Panjab University from ANRF. Sebastian Straube reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as editorial board member, SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine; board member, MSI Foundation (payments to Sebastian Straube); and member of the Scientific Advisory Committee—New Alberta Care First Automobile Insurance System, Ontario Tech University (payments to Sebastian Straube), outside the submitted work. Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos reports grants or contracts from the Valencian Regional Government’s Ministry of Education (PROMETEO/CIPROM/2022/58) and the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2021-129099OB-I00; the funders were not involved in the design of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication, nor will they be involved in any aspect of the study’s conduct), outside the submitted work. Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as a co-founder of Benang Merah Research Center (benangmerah.net), outside the submitted work. Era Upadhyay reports patents planned, issued or pending for “A system and method of reusable filters for anti-pollution mask” (published), “A system and method for electricity generation through crop stubble by using microbial fuel cells” (published), “A system for disposed personal protection equipment (PPE) into biofuel through pyrolysis and method” (published), “A novel herbal pharmaceutical aid for formulation of gel and method thereof” (published), “Herbal drug formulation for treating lung tissue degenerated by particulate matter exposure” (published), “A method to transform cow dung into the wall paint by using natural materials and composition thereof” (published), “Biodegradable packaging composition and method of preparation thereof” (filed), “Eco-friendly bio-shoe polish from banana and turmeric” (filed), “Honey-based polyherbal syrup composition to treat air pollution induced inflammation and preparation method thereof” (filed), “Process for preparing a caffeine free, antioxidant and nutrient rich beverage” (filed), “Polyherbal oral mist composition for dual relief and method for preparation thereof” (filed), and “Method for fabricating sustainable waterproof material sheets from LDPE plastic wastes” (filed); and leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as former joint secretary, executive council member, Indian Meteorological Society, Jaipur Chapter (India), and member secretary-DSTPURSE Program, outside the submitted work. Siddhesh Zadey reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as ASAR co-founder and board member, Nivarana Board, G4 Alliance PRC and Asia WG Chair, Lancet Standing Commission, Citizen-Centred Health System for India, and State Mental Health Drafting Committee, Maharashtra, India, outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests.