GBD 2023 | 亲密伴侣暴力和资金支持削减，或使HIV防控产生新危机

Declaration of interests

S Afzal reports support for the present manuscript from the Institute of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan; grants or contracts from the Dean Office Institute of Public Health Lahore; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the Dean Institute of Public Health Lahore; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from the Dean Institute of Public Health Lahore; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board as a member of the Pakistan National Bioethics Committee, as a member of the institutional review board of Fatima Jinnah Medical University, as a member of the ethical review board and data monitoring board of the Institute of Public Health Lahore; in charge of Clinical Research Organization King Edward Medical University; member of the Annals of King Edward Medical University Advisory Board; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as a member of the Pakistan Higher Education Commission Research Committee, as a member of the Pakistan Medical and Dental Commission Research and Journals Committee, Pakistan National Bioethics Committee, Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine, Pakistan Association of Medical Editors, and Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Society; Fellow of Leads International, Fellow of the Faculty of Public Health UK, Fellow of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan; receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts, or other services from Bergen University, Bergen, Norway, for research writing; and other financial or non-financial support from the Dean of Public Health, Institute of Public Health Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; outside the submitted work. Ali Ahmed reports support for the present manuscript from the US National Institute of Mental Health (grant numbers RO1MH126768 and R21MH132406). M S Aslam reports the following support for the present manuscript from Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund (XMUMRF): grant number XMUMRF/2025-C15/ITCM/0006, Project title “Therapeutic and Toxicity Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Herbs for NAFLD: Exploring the Inter-Organelle Contact Sites Modulation Theory Role”, co-investigator dates January 2025–December 2027 (ongoing), internal XMUMRF research grant administered by Xiamen University Malaysia, funds disbursed to institutional research account only; no salary, honoraria, or personal payments to author; grant number XMUMRF/2023-C11/ISEM/0041, Project title “Children’s Rights Education in the Early Years of Divorce: An Exploration of Adolescents’ Perspectives Role”, co-investigator dates January 2023–December 2025 (ongoing), internal XMUMRF research grant administered by Xiamen University Malaysia, funds disbursed to institutional research account only; no salary, honoraria, or personal payments to author; grant number XMUMRF/2026-C17/ITCM/0007, Project title “Olfactory Stimulation and Autonomic Regulation in Menstrual Disorders Role”, co-investigator dates January 2026–December 2028 (ongoing), internal XMUMRF research grant administered by Xiamen University Malaysia, funds disbursed to institutional research account only; no salary, honoraria, or personal payments to author. M L Bell reports grants or contracts from the US National Institutes of Health, Hutchinson Postdoctoral Fellowship, Health Effects Institute, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and Wellcome Trust Foundation, all paid to her institution; consulting fees from Clinique and Toximap; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the Colorado School of Public Health, Duke University, University of Texas, Data4Justice, Korea University, Brown University, Konkuk University Research and Management Center for Health Risk of Particulate Matter, IOP Publishing, NIH, ESF (European Science Foundation), Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, Health and Medical Research Fund (HMRF), Harvard University, and SciQuest; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from the Colorado School of Public Health, University of Texas, Duke University, Harvard University, American Journal of Public Health, Columbia University, Harvard, Community Modeling and Analysis System (CMAS) conference, Nature Conferences, Boston University, Konkuk University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, National Academy of Sciences, Wellcome Trust, and University of Pennsylvania; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, from the Fifth National Climate Assessment, Lancet Countdown (no payment), US Environmental Protection Agency Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC), Johns Hopkins Environmental Health And Engineering Advisory Board (no payment), Harvard external advisory committee for training grant (no payment), and WHO Global Air Pollution and Health Technical Advisory group (no payment); outside the submitted work. A Beloukas reports grants or contracts from Gilead and GSK/ViiV; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Gilead and GSK/ViiV; and support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from Gilead and GSK/ViiV; outside the submitted work. S Bhaskar reports grants or contracts from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [KAKENHI], Grant ID 23KF0126) and JSPS and the Australian Academy of Science (JSPS International Fellowship; Grant ID P23712); payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the Japan Stroke Society (Japan) and Semey Medical University (Kazakhstan); support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from Japan Stroke Society (Japan); leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as District Chair, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, & Belonging for Rotary District 9675 (Sydney, Australia); Chair, Founding Member and Manager for Global Health & Migration Hub Community, Global Health Hub Germany, Berlin, Germany; Editorial Board Member for PLOS One, BMC Neurology, Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers in Stroke, Frontiers in Public Health, Journal of Aging Research, Neurology International, Diagnostics, and BMC Medical Research Methodology; member of the College of Reviewers, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Government of Canada; Director of Research for World Headache Society, Bengaluru, India; Expert Adviser/Reviewer for Cariplo Foundation, Milan, Italy; Visiting Director for National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Suita, Osaka, Japan; member of the Scientific Review Committee for Cardiff University Biobank, Cardiff, UK; Chair for Rotary Reconciliation Action Plan; and Healthcare and Medical Adviser for Japan Connect, Osaka, Japan; outside the submitted work. C S Brown reports other financial or non-financial interests doing occasional ad-hoc one-off market research advisory (no long-term engagements), on a variety of infection topics, all anonymously conducted via market research companies with no direct communication nor any knowledge of any pharmaceutical companies or products (and none specifically related to HIV over the past 3 years); outside the submitted work. N B Bulamu reports support for the present manuscript from Flinders University; and is funded by an Early Career Researcher Fellowship from Cancer Council South Australia. S Cortese reports support for the present manuscript from the National Institute of Health and Care Research; grants or contracts from the European Research Agency; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from ACAMH (Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health), BAP (British Association for Psychopharmacology), and Medice; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from ACAMH, BAP, and Medice; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, unpaid as Chair of the European attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) guidelines group, outside the submitted work. K Deuba reports grant funding from the Research Council of Norway (project number 335495), outside the submitted work. A Faro reports support for the present manuscript from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil). P Fusar-Poli reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Recordati, Lundbeck, Angelini, Menarini, Sunovion, Boehringer Ingelheim, Proxymm Science, Otsuka, Gedeon Richter, and CurieBio, outside the current study. I M Ilic reports support for the present manuscript from the Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (number 451-03-137/2025-03/200110). N E Ismail reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, unpaid as the Bursar and Council Member, Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy and as Vice President, IT Service Management Society of Malaysia; outside the submitted work. T Joo reports support for the present manuscript from the National Research, Development and Innovation Office in Hungary (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00006, Data-Driven Health Division of National Laboratory for Health Security). J J Jozwiak reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Novartis, ADAMed, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Servier, and Novo Nordisc; outside the submitted work. M K Kashyap reports grants or contracts from the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi (grant number 5/13/55/2020/NCD-III); payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India, and Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India; patents planned, issued or pending (2023-1100-3940 [Indian patent pending] and 2023-1105-8515 [Indian patent pending]); outside the submitted work. J H Kempen reports support for the present manuscript from Sight for Souls and from the Mass Eye and Ear Global Surgery Program; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as Board President for Sight for Souls; Stock or stock options in Betaliq and Tarsier; outside the submitted work. J Khubchandani reports grants or contracts from Merck Sharpe Dohme, the National Science Foundation, USA, and New Mexico Idea Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (NIH P20GM103451 subgrant); support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from NATCO (The Organization for Donation and Transplant Professionals; outside the submitted work. K Krishan reports other financial or non-financial support from the UGC Centre of Advanced Study, CAS II, awarded to the Department of Anthropology, and RUSA 2.O grant awarded by the Indian Ministry of Education to Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, outside the submitted work. M-C Li reports support for the present manuscript from the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Taiwan (NSTC 113-2314-B-003-002) and the Higher Education Sprout Project of National Taiwan Normal University; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as Technical Editor of the Journal of the American Heart Association, outside the submitted work. G Liu reports grants or contracts from the Al & Val Rosenstrauss Fellowship from the Rebecca L. Cooper Medical Research Foundation, outside the submitted work. B S Lopes reports grants or contracts from the Academy of Medical Sciences (NGR2\1559) and the Applied Microbiology International New Lecturer Grant; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) global 2026 Germany and Global Initiative of Academic Networks (GIAN) programme, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Dhanbad, India; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from ESCMID global 2026 Germany and GIAN programme, IIT Dhanbad, India; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with the Microbiology Society Advisory Council and the ESCMID subgroup ESCMID Food- and Water borne Infections Study Group (EFWISG), outside the submitted work. P Maffia reports grants or contracts from the British Heart Foundation, NextGenerationEU Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza (PNRR), Heart Research UK, Italian Ministry of University Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale, UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) International Partnerships Funding, Scottish Founding Council, European Commission/Erasmus+, and COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology), and an additional contract with Elsevier for services as Associate Editor of Pharmacological Research; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group paid or unpaid as the Vice-President and Chair of the Engagement Committee for the British Pharmacological Society (BPS), Vice-Chair of the Basic and Translational Section for the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR), and Chair of the Translational Research Medical Review Panel for Heart Research UK. Additionally, P Maffia is a Nucleus Member of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Working Group on Atherosclerosis & Vascular Biology and Cell Biology of the Heart and serves on the Executive Committee of the British Atherosclerosis Society (BAS). P Maffia is also Chair of the Publication Committee of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS), and a member of the Translational Clinical Studies (TCS) Grant Panel for the Chief Scientist Office (CSO). PM serves as Co Director of the ARUA/Guild Africa-Europe CoRE in Non-Communicable Diseases & Multimorbidity, Deputy Editor of Cardiovascular Research, Associate Editor of Pharmacological Research, and Editor-in-Chief of the Human Health Section of Frontiers for Young Minds; outside the submitted work. H R Marateb reports grants or contracts from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya · Barcelona Tech – UPC, outside the submitted work. R J Maude reports support for the present manuscript from Wellcome Trust (grant number 220211) as it provides core funding for Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research and contributes to their salary. R J Maude is required by Wellcome to acknowledge this grant in all publications. P Meylakhs reports grants or contracts from the Center for Comparative Research of Social Well being, HSE University (Grant number 2025-52), outside the submitted work. L Monasta reports support for the present manuscript from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente 34/2017), and payments made to the Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo. R S Moreira reports grants or contracts from the CNPq Research Productivity Scholarship (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development; scholarship registration number 308986/2025-3). S Nomura reports support for the present manuscript from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (24H00663). S Onie reports support for the present manuscript from the Lynch Family Foundation; grants or contracts from the National Health and Medical Research Centre; stock or stock options from Wellspring Center Indonesia; outside the submitted work. R F Palma-Alvarez reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Angelini, Casen Recordati, Lundbeck, Neuraxpharm, Rubió, Servier, and Takeda; and support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from Angelini, Italfarmaco, Advanz Pharma, Takeda, Lundbeck, and Camurus; outside the submitted work. S K Panda reports support for the present manuscript from Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University); grants or contracts from file number 17-59/2023-24/CCRH/Tech./Coll./ICMR- Diabetes/960 as co-investigator and from file number HS/RC/393 as principal investigator, outside the submitted work. G D Panos reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Thea Greece, Bayer Greece, and Roche Hella; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from Thea Greece, Bayer Greece, and Roche Hellas; outside the submitted work. R Passera reports participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for the clinical trial “Consolidation with ADCT-402 (loncastuximab tesirine) after immunochemotherapy: a phase II study in BTKi-treated/ineligible Relapse/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) patients”, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL), Alessandria (Italy); leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as member of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) Statistical Committee, Paris (France), membership of the FIL Statistical Committee, Alessandria (Italy), and past membership (2020–23) as biostatistician of the IRB/IEC Comitato Etico AO SS Antonio e Biagio Alessandria-ASL AL-VC (Italy); outside the submitted work. V C F Pepito reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Zuellig Family Foundation and Philippine Ambulatory Pediatrics Association; outside the submitted work. L F Reyes reports grants or contracts from GSK, MSD, and Pfizer; consulting fees from GSK and Pfizer; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from GSK Vitalis; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from GSK, Pfizer, and Vitalis; outside the submitted work. S Saleem reports grants or contracts from Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; outside the submitted work. A Shaban Nejad reports grants or contracts from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Tennessee Department of Health, and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; consulting fees from Haleon; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network; and support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from Haleon and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network; outside the submitted work. V Sharma reports support from the Directorate of Forensic Science Services, an attached office of the MHA (Ministry of Home Affairs) research project (DFSS28(1)2019/ EMR/6) at the Department of Forensic Science (Formerly Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, RUSA 2·0 grant to Panjab University and PAIR grant (ANRF/ PAIR/2025/000006/PAIR) to Panjab University from Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF), outside the submitted work. J A Singh reports consulting fees from ROMTech, Atheneum, Clearview Healthcare Partners, Yale, Hulio, Horizon Pharmaceuticals/DINORA, ANI/Exeltis, USA Inc, Frictionless Solutions, Schipher, Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, PK Med, Two labs Inc, Adept Field Solutions, Clinical Care Options, Putnam Associates, Focus Forward, Navigant Consulting, Spherix, MedIQ, Jupiter Life Science, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, Practice Point Communications, the NIH, and the American College of Rheumatology; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from the speaker’s bureau of Simply Speaking; support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from OMERACT; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Arthritis Advisory Committee; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as a past steering committee member of OMERACT, an international organisation that develops measures for clinical trials and receives arm’s length funding from 12 pharmaceutical companies; stock or stock options in aTyr Pharmaceuticals, Atai Life Sciences, Kintara Therapeutics, Intelligent Biosolutions, Acumen Pharmaceutical, TPT Global Tech, Vaxart Pharmaceuticals, Aytu Biopharma, Adaptimmune Therapeutics, GeoVax Labs, Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Enzolytics, Seres Therapeutics, Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp, Aebona Pharmaceuticals, and Charlotte’s Web Holdings; previously owned stock options in Amarin, Viking, and Moderna Pharmaceuticals; outside the submitted work. R Tabares-Seisdedos reports grants or contracts from the Valencian Regional Government’s Ministry of Education (PROMETEO/CIPROM/2022/58) and from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2021-129099OB-I00), outside the submitted work. J H V Ticoalu reports leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, from Benang Merah Research Center, Indonesia as co-founder; outside the submitted work. S J Tromans reports grants or contacts as part of the 2023/4 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey team, collecting epidemiological data on community-based adults living in England, a contracted study from NHS Digital, via the Department of Health and Social Care. S J Tromans has also contributed to multiple chapters of the 2023/4 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey report (payments made to University of Leicester); was lead investigator on a study funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Research Network, on optimising survey design for people with learning disability and autistic people (payments made to University of Leicester); was lead investigator on a study from the National Institute for Health and Care Research related to evaluate a national training programme for health and social care professionals relating to learning disability and autism (payments made to University of Leicester); was co applicant on study funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research related to identification, recording, and reasonable adjustments for people with a learning disability and autistic people in NHS electronic clinical record systems (payments made to University of Leicester); was co-applicant on a study funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research related to medication support interventions and strategies for people with learning disabilities (payments made to University of Leicester); was lead applicant on a study funded by the Baily Thomas Charitable Fund, investigating barriers, enablers, and interventions to facilitate deprescribing for people with intellectual disability (payments made to University of Leicester); was co-lead applicant on a study funded by Jazz Pharmaceuticals related to the impact of cannabidiol on challenging behaviour among people with intellectual disability (payments made to University of Leicester via University of Plymouth [lead institution]); was lead investigator on a study relating to understanding the barriers and facilitators to clinical engagement and research involvement for adults with intellectual disability from minority ethnic backgrounds residing in the East Midlands; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Cornwall Intellectual Disability Equitable Research (CIDER) to attend a conference and Dartmouth Health; reports support for attending meetings or travel, or both, from the Royal College of Psychiatrists for accommodation and travel; leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee, or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, as Academic Secretary and Executive Committee Member for the Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry Special Interest Group and Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability Faculty at the Royal College of Psychiatrists; is Associate Editor for Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities; Editorial Board Member for Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry, Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disability, Advances in Autism, BMC Psychiatry, and BJPsych Open; and Editor of Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability Across Cultures (Oxford University Press); outside the submitted work. E Upadhyay reports the following patents: “A system and method of reusable filters for anti-pollution mask” (published); “A system and method for electricity generation through crop stubble by using microbial fuel cells” (published); “A system for disposed personal protection equipment (PPE) into biofuel through pyrolysis and method” (published); “A novel herbal pharmaceutical aid for formulation of gel and method thereof” (published); “Herbal drug formulation for treating lung tissue degenerated by particulate matter exposure” (published); “A method to transform cow dung into the wall paint by using natural materials and composition thereof” (published); “Biodegradable packaging composition and method of preparation thereof” (filed); “Eco-friendly bio-shoe polish from banana and turmeric” (filed); “Honey-based polyherbal syrup composition to treat air pollution induced inflammation and preparation method thereof” (filed); “Process for preparing a caffeine free, antioxidant and nutrient rich beverage” (filed); “Polyherbal oral mist composition for dual relief and method for preparation thereof” (filed); and “Method for fabricating sustainable waterproof material sheets from LDPE plastic wastes” (filed); outside the submitted work. J Zhao reports support for the present manuscript from Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2024BSSXM20), Zhejiang University Qiushi Flying Eagle Program, Key Laboratory of Integrated Care for Geriatric Chronic Diseases (Kunming Medical University, School of Nursing) and the Yunnan Provincial Education Department (grant number 2024HTHLYB05), Doctoral Student Special Program of the China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) Young Talent Support Project. M Zielińska reports other financial support as an Alexion AstraZeneca Rare Disease employee; outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests.